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Hades - Pluto

Hades  in the ancient Greek religion and myth, is the god of the dead and the king of the underworld, with which his name became synonymous. Hades was the eldest son of Cronus and Rhea, although the last son regurgitated by his father. He and his brothers, Zeus and Poseidon, defeated their father's generation of gods, the Titans, and claimed rulership over the cosmos. Hades received the underworld, Zeus the sky, and Poseidon the sea, with the solid earth, long the province of Gaia, available to all three concurrently. Hades was often portrayed with his three-headed guard dog Cerberus.

The Etruscan god Aita and the Roman gods Dis Pater and Orcus were eventually taken as equivalent to Hades and merged into Pluto, a Latinization of Plouton , itself a euphemistic title often given to Hades.

Hades - Pluto  Stamp Collection

Persphone's abduction by Hades is mentioned briefly in Hesiod's Theogony, and told in considerable detail in the Homeric Hymn to DemeterZeus, it is said, permitted Hades, who was in love with the beautiful Persephone, to abduct her as her mother Demeter was not likely to allow her daughter to go down to Hades. Persephone was gathering flowers with the Oceanids along with Artemis and Pallas, daughter of Triton, as the Homeric Hymn says, in a field when Hades came to abduct her, bursting through a cleft in the earth.  Demeter, when she found her daughter had disappeared, searched for her all over the earth with Hecate's torches. In most versions she forbids the earth to produce, or she neglects the earth and in the depth of her despair she causes nothing to grow. Helios, the sun, who sees everything, eventually told Demeter what had happened and at length she discovered the place of her abode. Finally, Zeus, pressed by the cries of the hungry people and by the other deities who also heard their anguish, forced Hades to return Persephone. Hades indeed complied with the request, but first he tricked her, giving her some pomegranate seeds to eat. Persephone was released by Hermes, who had been sent to retrieve her, but because she had tasted food in the underworld, she was obliged to spend a third of each year (the winter months) there, and the remaining part of the year with the gods above.With the later writers Ovid and Hyginus, Persephone's time in the underworld becomes half the year.

The Abduction of Proserpine by Hans von
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Romania 1973  Painting of the German artist Hans von Aachen “Rape of Proserpine”. The size of the painting is 45 x 63 cm, canvas, oil. In his paintings of mythological themes, Hans von Aachen preferred the depiction of Roman-Italic gods and goddesses, rather than Greek, despite the fact that almost all the myths of the ancient Greeks were romanized by the Romans. The goddess Proserpina, in Roman mythology, mistress of the underworld, wife of Hades, daughter of Ceres. Its name is nothing more than the Greekized name of Persephone.The focus of the legends about Proserpine is the myth of her abduction by Hades.

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Paraguay 1976  Fresco in the Sala di Luca Giordano,Apotheosis of the Medici. Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, Florence, Italy. Proserpina (Persephone) is raped by Hades,but returns to earth for spring and summer.

Hades (Pluto) the god of the underworld

Marshall Islands 1994  Hades with Cerberus , the multi-headed dog that guards the gates of the Underworld to prevent the dead from leaving

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On the ceiling, 'Mythological Scene of Agriculture' adjoins the 'Mythological Scene with the Rape of Proserpine' and the nymphs at the left look back in fear at the sight of Pluto carrying off Proserpine. NG Luca Giordano, Mythological Scene with the Rape of Proserpine

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Burundi 1973  Pluton and Soleil for The 500th Anniversary of the Birth of Copernicus

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